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FEATURE
ARTICLE
Sanctum Southwest
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Contents
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Share an
enchanted trek up Mount Baldy in eastern Arizona
with outdoor
writer and photographer, Ron Harris: |
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Our
ascension stopped short of the top of Mount Baldy.
Photo by Susan
Harris |
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SANCTUM
SOUTHWEST
by Ron Harris
Five hours later,
we reached our summit. The empty sky had been pale turquoise
hiking out in the morning; now the gathering clouds of noon were
herded by a cold and constant wind onto the shoulders of lesser
peaks around us. Soon, we would be shrouded in a slate grey gauze
of mist and rain.
We could go no higher and the still sunlit vista to the east
wouldn't last long. The August rain shadow was about to divest its
daily deluge onto this mystical mountain, announcing itself with
thunder that began with a low kettledrum roll and ended in an
ear-splitting crash. In the windy silences between, lightening
illuminated the linings of surrounding thunderheads with a
shimmering chatoyance at once ethereally beautiful and
electrically lethal.
We could go no higher because the bare talus and gravel of the
actual summit wasn't just forbidding; it was forbidden. Before us
was the barren windswept pantheon of Apache gods, the
cloud-shrouded castle keep of the Crown Dancers, the Holy of
Holies of all Apacheria.
We stood in the doorway of a great cathedral, denied the transept
by a small, yellow metal sign nailed to a decaying four-by-four,
supported by a cairn of rock:
United States
Department of the Interior
Bureau of Indian Affairs
Boundary
Fort Apache Indian Reservation
The slightly higher
summit beyond is a kiva of spirits. Only members of the White
Mountain Apache Tribe are permitted. Even as we watched, dim
figures faded in through the vapor, moving slowly toward us from
the hazy dome of the peak.
The movement distracted us from our breathtaking panorama. The
Apaches walked slowly, a few yards apart, bent forward, peering
intently at the ground. From time-to-time, they bent down, picked
something up, examined it and moved on. They seemed oblivious to
the impending storm.
To the east, over the wind-blasted treeline of gnarled and stunted
stumps, the sun bathed the whole of the Apache National Forest,
the Escudilla Wilderness and New Mexico beyond. The lakes
decorating the landscape like glistening, Navajo jewels, were
testimony to the volume of water this mountain wrings from the sky
onto Arizona's desiccate deserts.
Northward, the Painted Desert was dappled with light and shadow as
wooly clouds slid over the great mesas of the Navajo and Hopi.
Rays of sunlight poured through towering thunderheads onto the
surreal landscape of the Petrified Forest, spotlighting an
otherworldly graveyard of giant Sequoia trunks which have lain
where they fell, back when the Earth was young.
Southward, darker clouds dimmed the distant Bear Wallow
Wilderness, the rimrock border of the San Carlos Reservation and
the great Sonoran Desert beyond.
But the approach of the Apaches recalled our attention to the bare
shouldered boulders of the summit. As far to the south-west as we
could see, an undulating, opaque curtain of rain slanted down onto
the forest of pine and fir. Fort Apache Reservation was
disappearing as the watery pale slowly climbed the slopes to where
we stood.
For all the hiking and bending they had done, the Apaches appeared
empty-handed. They carried no bags and were lightly dressed in the
dichotomous costume almost uniform on Apache reservations.
Grandmother appeared the most traditional, in moccasins, full
ankle-length cotton skirt and scarf, but the frayed, silver satin
warm-up jacket jarred her ethnic image. The rest of the family --
parents and a pair of beautiful, raven haired children -- wore
similar habit, shod in those ubiquitous and anachronistic white
"athletic" shoes.
"Hon-Dah!," I said, over the wind. It was my entire
Apache vocabulary.
"Hello," the father replied. The adults smiled as they
walked by and the youngsters examined us silently over their
shoulders as they vanished into the misty trees of their ancestral
land.
Closer and closer crawled the pelting rain. From a rock cairn, we
turned a full circle for one long, last look. Then, realizing we
were doubtless the tallest lighting rods in eastern Arizona, we
began our recessional to the shelter of the old growth forest
canopy.
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We
reached the woods just as the curtain closed behind us. Sheets
of rain hit the gravel, rattling like hail. It was the kind of
storm Edvard Grieg wrote about in his "Hall of the Mountain
King" and it was easy to imagine the crashing climax of his
musical monument to mountains as we raced for the sanctuary of
the ancient forest.
In the woods, the
storm gentled to a whisper, dampened by the leafy, autochthonous
thicket that is the Mount Baldy Wilderness. Strolling back down
the narrow path, we listened to thunder roll down the lee slope
of Baldy like massive bowling balls, onto the meadows below. Now
there was only the dripping from lofty tree limbs onto the ferns
and moss of the verdant forest floor.
In the cool quiet, punctuated only by scurrying squirrels or
clucking blue grouse, we sought the tiny spring birthplace of
the Little Colorado River. The seven miles between Sheep's
Crossing trailhead and the alpine tundra of the summit knobs,
consists largely of steep switchbacks which often afford
outstanding views. Pauses, for sight-seeing and breath-catching,
are frequent.
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A section
of the Little Colorado River as
it flows from Mount Baldy.
Photo by Ron Harris |
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was during such a rest that we heard the muted murmur of the
highest spring on the mountain and tackled the tangle of
deadwood and brush that leads to the infant Colorado Chiquito.
There, bubbling from beneath a jumble of mossy logs, ferns, blue
pod lupine and monkey flowers, trickled the first waters of a
major tributary of the mighty Colorado River.
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Birthplace of
the Little Colorado River.
Photo by Ron Harris |
With
tin cups we drank from this purest of springs and for the moment
it took to fill those cups, we held back the Little Colorado
from its journey to the mud flats of Southern California.
I had seen this river from both ends, now. Rafting the Colorado
years before, we put in at the confluence of the big and Little
Colorado, where it becomes clouded with the Little Colorado's
mega-tonnage of reddish brown high desert topsoil. On that trip,
it had been easy to comprehend that the stream was draining
20,000 square miles. Now, sipping this cold, clear water fresh
from its primordial aquifer, such vastness seemed unfathomable. |
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Susan and I had some distance of our own to cover and we were on
the shady side of the mountain. Darkness comes early to Baldy's
eastern slope, especially under heavy cloud cover. It would be
late when we made the trailhead and later still when we reached
our rented cabin in Greer. As the primeval forest thickened and
dusk dimmed the trail, we hiked silently, thinking about the
mountain we had climbed and others who climbed it before us.
Named for an 18th century Spanish Grandee, the Mogollon Rim,
like the Grand Canyon, is one of Arizona's defining land forms.
Stretching east and southward from Grand Wash Cliffs into New
Mexico, the rim is the southernmost edge of the immense
geological province known as the Colorado Plateau. The sheer
cliffs and jutting ramparts so picturesquely described by Zane
Grey and Aldo Leopold, soften and swell into the 11,590 foot
extinct volcano named the Sierra Blanca by the Spanish, and
known today as Mount Baldy. Its original designation, the White
Mountain, is now applied to the whole range for which the White
Mountain Apache Tribe is named.
Only a fraction of the eastern slope of the Baldy massif is the
Mount Baldy Wilderness Area of the Apache National Forest. The
rest of the great mountain is within the Fort Apache Reservation
and the bare plug of the true summit is revered, (by those
Apaches who still practice their religion) as the dwelling place
of deities.
The mountain and its watershed deserve the respect of the rest
of us for other reasons; it is the source of most of the water
consumed and wasted by the state's homes, industries,
agribusinesses and a ballooning plethora of golf courses,
swimming pools, fountains and private lakes.
Angling cognoscenti and those who care about endangered species,
are aware that most of Arizona's coldwater fisheries are born of
this watershed, including the only waters in the world wherein
are found the rare, and until recently, endangered, Apache
trout.
Created by U.S. Grant in 1871, Fort Apache is 1,664,874 acres of
forest and mountain meadowland. Baldy's copious cape of grass
and timber is laced with the cold, clear, waters of 15 streams;
all but one flow into the Salt River drainage of central
Arizona. Only the Little Colorado will wend its north-westerly
way across the Navajo Nation to join the Colorado deep within
Grand Canyon.
The White Mountains is one of those "last, best
places." Deer slip noiselessly through aspen and ponderosa.
Black bear and mountain lion hunt thickets and rimrock. Wild
turkeys peck among ferns and flowers, while eagles scream above
towering Douglas firs. Osprey strafe the surface of glistening
reservoirs and fly dripping, twisting trout back to huge nests
that lakeside snags wear like living crowns.
Most indigenous wildlife still find their original habitat
habitable. Antelope share swales of grass with cattle and some
ranchers insist the Rocky Mountain elk have multiplied to
nuisance numbers.
Even El Lobo has come home to the White Mountains, although
maybe not to stay. Since the Pleistocene, the Mexican Wolf has
howled throughout Mexico, Arizona, Texas and New Mexico, but the
last Mexican wolf in Arizona was killed three years before
passage of the Endangered Species Act. Now, El Lobo's haunting
howl hangs again in the algid mountain air, but for how long, no
one knows.
By dark, we reached the meadows along the marge of the stream's
West Fork. The creek mumbled to us through the velvet black as
we strained to see our navy blue car in the inky trailhead
light. At last a twinkle of chrome blinked like a lighthouse
beacon and we hurried to the machine and its comforting heater.
Rain drops had turned to icy rhinestones, encrusting everything
and glittering, even in the dark. We were thankful for the
defroster's warming glow.
Driving to Greer, our clearing windows revealed families of elk
cows and calves. Then, just outside town, we slowed to a walk
for a young bull elk, grateful for the light we furnished as he
trotted nonchalantly to his turnoff.
Back in our bedroll, my mind went back up Mount Baldy to the
Apaches in the rain and their curious behavior. Slipping into
sleep, I hoped I might dream the explanation, but the answer
came much later, in a rare interview with Ronnie Lupe, then
Chairman of the White Mountain Apache Tribe. He knew what that
Apache family was doing on the stormy mountain's bare basilica.
As he explained, my mind went again to the mountain, past the
weathered boundary sign and on to the highest point, to the Rain
God's kiva and a ritual re-enacted since the dawn of deep time.
There I watched ancient priests come up from the deserts around
Oraibi, to pray and perform mysteries while hundreds, perhaps
thousands camped in the nearby forest, waiting.
For three full days the medicine men conferred in his kiva with
the Rain God. Then, on the fourth day, the people came from the
woods to the summit to leave their most valued possessions as
sacrifice to the Rain God. As they placed offerings near the
entrance to his kiva, they prayed he would accept them and allow
the sky to bless their corn and squash. The people taught the
prayers to the children, guiding their hands as they offered
gifts of toys and dolls.
Soon, the gravel at the edge of the volcanic cone, the entrance
to the great kiva, was covered with gifts to the Rain God:
beautiful head-dresses, necklaces, beaded clothing, buckskins,
weapons, tools and toys. Leaving it all, the priest and people
withdrew down the mountain to their desert mesas to await the
rain. As they leave, there is thunder in the distance and the
wind picks up.
So Baldy's bare pate, rounded and polished by eons of erosion,
is, among other things, a reliquary. The remnants for which our
Apache grandmother searched so assiduously -- tiny beads, bits
and pieces of a disappearing culture -- still please the Rain
God and still elicit his blessings on the land.
Would that all mountains were held as holy as traditional
Apaches consider their beloved White Mountain, for all mountains
are sacred, home to a rain god of their own. Mountains are much
of the magic of water and all of us, man and beast, live
downstream.
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